Set up user authentication flow with FastAPI and SQLite

- Created user model with SQLAlchemy ORM - Implemented authentication with JWT tokens (access and refresh tokens) - Added password hashing with bcrypt - Created API endpoints for registration, login, and user management - Set up Alembic for database migrations - Added health check endpoint - Created role-based access control (standard users and superusers) - Added comprehensive documentation
2025-06-10 15:58:57 +00:00 · 2025-06-10 15:58:57 +00:00 · aae9527254
commit aae9527254
parent 4786514e1b
34 changed files with 1421 additions and 2 deletions
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -1,3 +1,108 @@
-# FastAPI Application
+# User Authentication Service

-This is a FastAPI application bootstrapped by BackendIM, the AI-powered backend generation platform.
+A FastAPI service for user authentication with JWT tokens.
+
+## Features
+
+- User registration and management
+- Authentication with JWT tokens (access and refresh tokens)
+- Role-based access control (standard users and superusers)
+- Password hashing with bcrypt
+- SQLite database with SQLAlchemy ORM
+- Alembic migrations
+
+## Getting Started
+
+### Prerequisites
+
+- Python 3.10+
+- pip (Python package manager)
+
+### Installation
+
+1. Clone the repository
+2. Install dependencies:
+
+```bash
+pip install -r requirements.txt
+```
+
+3. Run database migrations:
+
+```bash
+alembic upgrade head
+```
+
+4. Start the server:
+
+```bash
+uvicorn main:app --reload
+```
+
+The API will be available at http://localhost:8000
+
+## API Documentation
+
+Once the server is running, you can access the interactive API documentation at:
+
+- Swagger UI: http://localhost:8000/docs
+- ReDoc: http://localhost:8000/redoc
+
+## Environment Variables
+
+The following environment variables can be set in a `.env` file:
+
+| Variable                    | Description                                      | Default Value           |
+|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|
+| SECRET_KEY                  | JWT secret key                                   | Auto-generated          |
+| ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES | Access token expiration time in minutes          | 30                      |
+| REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_DAYS   | Refresh token expiration time in days            | 7                       |
+| SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL     | Database connection string                       | SQLite in /app/storage  |
+
+## Authentication Flow
+
+1. **Registration**: Users can register via `POST /api/v1/register/`
+2. **Login**: Users can obtain tokens via `POST /api/v1/auth/login`
+3. **Access Protected Resources**: Include the access token in the Authorization header (`Bearer {token}`)
+4. **Refresh Token**: When the access token expires, use `POST /api/v1/auth/refresh-token` to get a new one
+
+## Project Structure
+
+```
+.
+├── alembic.ini               # Alembic configuration
+├── app                       # Application package
+│   ├── api                   # API endpoints
+│   │   ├── deps.py           # API dependencies
+│   │   └── v1                # API version 1
+│   │       ├── api.py        # API router
+│   │       └── endpoints     # API endpoint modules
+│   ├── core                  # Core modules
+│   │   ├── config.py         # Configuration settings
+│   │   └── security.py       # Security utilities
+│   ├── crud                  # CRUD operations
+│   │   └── user.py           # User CRUD operations
+│   ├── db                    # Database
+│   │   ├── base.py           # Base class
+│   │   ├── base_class.py     # Base class imports
+│   │   ├── base_model.py     # Base model
+│   │   ├── init_db.py        # Database initialization
+│   │   └── session.py        # Database session
+│   ├── models                # SQLAlchemy models
+│   │   └── user.py           # User model
+│   └── schemas               # Pydantic schemas
+│       ├── token.py          # Token schemas
+│       └── user.py           # User schemas
+├── main.py                   # FastAPI application
+├── migrations                # Alembic migrations
+│   ├── env.py                # Alembic environment
+│   ├── README                # Alembic README
+│   ├── script.py.mako        # Migration script template
+│   └── versions              # Migration versions
+├── pyproject.toml            # Project configuration
+└── requirements.txt          # Python dependencies
+```
+
+## License
+
+This project is licensed under the MIT License
--- a/alembic.ini
+++ b/alembic.ini
@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+# A generic, single database configuration.
+
+[alembic]
+# path to migration scripts
+script_location = migrations
+
+# template used to generate migration files
+# file_template = %%(rev)s_%%(slug)s
+
+# timezone to use when rendering the date
+# within the migration file as well as the filename.
+# string value is passed to dateutil.tz.gettz()
+# leave blank for localtime
+# timezone =
+
+# max length of characters to apply to the
+# "slug" field
+# truncate_slug_length = 40
+
+# set to 'true' to run the environment during
+# the 'revision' command, regardless of autogenerate
+# revision_environment = false
+
+# set to 'true' to allow .pyc and .pyo files without
+# a source .py file to be detected as revisions in the
+# versions/ directory
+# sourceless = false
+
+# version location specification; this defaults
+# to migrations/versions.  When using multiple version
+# directories, initial revisions must be specified with --version-path
+# version_locations = %(here)s/bar %(here)s/bat migrations/versions
+
+# the output encoding used when revision files
+# are written from script.py.mako
+# output_encoding = utf-8
+
+# SQLite URL using absolute path
+sqlalchemy.url = sqlite:////app/storage/db/db.sqlite
+
+[post_write_hooks]
+# post_write_hooks defines scripts or Python functions that are run
+# on newly generated revision scripts.  See the documentation for further
+# detail and examples
+
+# format using "black" - use the console_scripts runner, against the "black" entrypoint
+# hooks=black
+# black.type=console_scripts
+# black.entrypoint=black
+# black.options=-l 79
+
+# Logging configuration
+[loggers]
+keys = root,sqlalchemy,alembic
+
+[handlers]
+keys = console
+
+[formatters]
+keys = generic
+
+[logger_root]
+level = WARN
+handlers = console
+qualname =
+
+[logger_sqlalchemy]
+level = WARN
+handlers =
+qualname = sqlalchemy.engine
+
+[logger_alembic]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = alembic
+
+[handler_console]
+class = StreamHandler
+args = (sys.stderr,)
+level = NOTSET
+formatter = generic
+
+[formatter_generic]
+format = %(levelname)-5.5s [%(name)s] %(message)s
+datefmt = %H:%M:%S
--- a/app/init.py
+++ b/app/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# This file is intentionally left empty to make the directory a Python package
--- a/app/api/init.py
+++ b/app/api/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# This file is intentionally left empty to make the directory a Python package
--- a/app/api/deps.py
+++ b/app/api/deps.py
@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from jose import JWTError, jwt
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+from app.core.security import TOKEN_TYPE_ACCESS
+from app.crud.user import get_user
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.schemas.token import TokenPayload
+
+
+# Define OAuth2 scheme for token authentication
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
+    tokenUrl=f"{settings.API_V1_STR}/auth/login"
+)
+
+
+def get_current_user(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db), token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)
+) -> User:
+    """
+    Get the current user from the provided JWT token.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        token: JWT token from Authorization header
+        
+    Returns:
+        Current user
+        
+    Raises:
+        HTTPException: If token is invalid or user not found
+    """
+    try:
+        # Decode the JWT token
+        payload = jwt.decode(
+            token, settings.SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[settings.ALGORITHM]
+        )
+        token_data = TokenPayload(**payload)
+        
+        # Check if token is expired
+        if token_data.exp is None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Token is missing expiration claim",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+            )
+        
+        # Check if token is the correct type (access token)
+        if token_data.type != TOKEN_TYPE_ACCESS:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Invalid token type",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+            )
+        
+    except (JWTError, ValidationError):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Could not validate credentials",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    
+    # Get the user from the database
+    user = get_user(db, user_id=int(token_data.sub))
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="User not found",
+        )
+    
+    # Check if user is active
+    if not user.is_active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Inactive user",
+        )
+    
+    return user
+
+
+def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+) -> User:
+    """
+    Get the current active user.
+    
+    Args:
+        current_user: Current user from get_current_user
+        
+    Returns:
+        Current active user
+        
+    Raises:
+        HTTPException: If user is inactive
+    """
+    if not current_user.is_active:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Inactive user",
+        )
+    return current_user
+
+
+def get_current_active_superuser(
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> User:
+    """
+    Get the current active superuser.
+    
+    Args:
+        current_user: Current user from get_current_active_user
+        
+    Returns:
+        Current active superuser
+        
+    Raises:
+        HTTPException: If user is not a superuser
+    """
+    if not current_user.is_superuser:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail="The user doesn't have enough privileges",
+        )
+    return current_user
--- a/app/api/v1/init.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# This file is intentionally left empty to make the directory a Python package
--- a/app/api/v1/api.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/api.py
@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+from app.api.v1.endpoints import auth, register, users
+
+
+# Create main API router
+api_router = APIRouter()
+
+# Include routers for different endpoints
+api_router.include_router(auth.router, prefix="/auth", tags=["Authentication"])
+api_router.include_router(users.router, prefix="/users", tags=["Users"])
+api_router.include_router(register.router, prefix="/register", tags=["Registration"])
--- a/app/api/v1/endpoints/init.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/endpoints/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# This file is intentionally left empty to make the directory a Python package
--- a/app/api/v1/endpoints/auth.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/endpoints/auth.py
@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Body, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_user
+from app.core.config import settings
+from app.core.security import (
+    create_access_token,
+    create_refresh_token,
+    TOKEN_TYPE_REFRESH
+)
+from app.crud.user import authenticate_user, get_user
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.schemas.token import Token, RefreshToken
+from app.schemas.user import User
+
+from jose import jwt, JWTError
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.post("/login", response_model=Token)
+async def login_access_token(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    OAuth2 compatible token login, get an access token for future requests.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        form_data: Form containing username (can be email or username) and password
+        
+    Returns:
+        Access token
+    """
+    # Try to authenticate with username
+    user = authenticate_user(db, username=form_data.username, password=form_data.password)
+    
+    # If username authentication fails, try with email
+    if not user:
+        user = authenticate_user(db, email=form_data.username, password=form_data.password)
+    
+    # If both attempts fail, raise an exception
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username/email or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    
+    # Create access token with the default expiration time
+    access_token = create_access_token(subject=user.id)
+    
+    # Create refresh token with the default expiration time
+    refresh_token = create_refresh_token(subject=user.id)
+    
+    # Return tokens
+    return {
+        "access_token": access_token,
+        "token_type": "bearer",
+        "refresh_token": refresh_token
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/refresh-token", response_model=Token)
+async def refresh_token(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    refresh_token_in: RefreshToken = Body(...)
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Refresh access token using a refresh token.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        refresh_token_in: Refresh token
+        
+    Returns:
+        New access token and refresh token
+    """
+    try:
+        # Decode the refresh token
+        payload = jwt.decode(
+            refresh_token_in.refresh_token,
+            settings.SECRET_KEY,
+            algorithms=[settings.ALGORITHM]
+        )
+        
+        # Validate token payload
+        if payload.get("type") != TOKEN_TYPE_REFRESH:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Invalid token type",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+            )
+        
+        # Get user ID from token
+        user_id = payload.get("sub")
+        if user_id is None:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Invalid token",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+            )
+        
+        # Get user from database
+        user = get_user(db, user_id=int(user_id))
+        if not user:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+                detail="User not found",
+            )
+        
+        # Check if user is active
+        if not user.is_active:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail="Inactive user",
+            )
+        
+        # Create new access token
+        access_token = create_access_token(subject=user.id)
+        
+        # Create new refresh token
+        new_refresh_token = create_refresh_token(subject=user.id)
+        
+        # Return new tokens
+        return {
+            "access_token": access_token,
+            "token_type": "bearer",
+            "refresh_token": new_refresh_token
+        }
+        
+    except (JWTError, ValidationError):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Invalid refresh token",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+
+
+@router.get("/me", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Get current user information.
+    
+    Args:
+        current_user: Current user from authentication
+        
+    Returns:
+        Current user information
+    """
+    return current_user
--- a/app/api/v1/endpoints/register.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/endpoints/register.py
@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.crud.user import create_user, get_user_by_email, get_user_by_username
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.schemas.user import User, UserCreate
+
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.post("/", response_model=User)
+def register_user(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    user_in: UserCreate,
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Register a new user.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        user_in: User data for registration
+        
+    Returns:
+        Registered user
+    """
+    # Check if user with this email already exists
+    user = get_user_by_email(db, email=user_in.email)
+    if user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="A user with this email already exists",
+        )
+    
+    # Check if user with this username already exists
+    user = get_user_by_username(db, username=user_in.username)
+    if user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="A user with this username already exists",
+        )
+    
+    # Create user (non-superuser by default)
+    user_in_data = user_in.dict()
+    user_in_data["is_superuser"] = False
+    user = create_user(db, obj_in=UserCreate(**user_in_data))
+    
+    return user
--- a/app/api/v1/endpoints/users.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/endpoints/users.py
@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+from typing import Any, List
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.api.deps import get_current_active_superuser, get_current_active_user
+from app.crud.user import (
+    create_user,
+    get_user,
+    get_user_by_email,
+    get_user_by_username,
+    get_users,
+    update_user,
+)
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.user import User as UserModel
+from app.schemas.user import User, UserCreate, UserUpdate
+
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get("/", response_model=List[User])
+def read_users(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    skip: int = 0,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    current_user: UserModel = Depends(get_current_active_superuser),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Retrieve users.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        skip: Number of records to skip
+        limit: Maximum number of records to return
+        current_user: Current user (must be superuser)
+        
+    Returns:
+        List of users
+    """
+    users = get_users(db, skip=skip, limit=limit)
+    return users
+
+
+@router.post("/", response_model=User)
+def create_new_user(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    user_in: UserCreate,
+    current_user: UserModel = Depends(get_current_active_superuser),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Create new user (superuser only).
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        user_in: User data
+        current_user: Current user (must be superuser)
+        
+    Returns:
+        Created user
+    """
+    # Check if user with this email already exists
+    user = get_user_by_email(db, email=user_in.email)
+    if user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="A user with this email already exists",
+        )
+    
+    # Check if user with this username already exists
+    user = get_user_by_username(db, username=user_in.username)
+    if user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="A user with this username already exists",
+        )
+    
+    # Create user
+    user = create_user(db, obj_in=user_in)
+    return user
+
+
+@router.put("/me", response_model=User)
+def update_user_me(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    user_in: UserUpdate,
+    current_user: UserModel = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Update own user.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        user_in: User data to update
+        current_user: Current user
+        
+    Returns:
+        Updated user
+    """
+    # Check if trying to update email to one that already exists
+    if user_in.email is not None and user_in.email != current_user.email:
+        user = get_user_by_email(db, email=user_in.email)
+        if user:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail="A user with this email already exists",
+            )
+    
+    # Check if trying to update username to one that already exists
+    if user_in.username is not None and user_in.username != current_user.username:
+        user = get_user_by_username(db, username=user_in.username)
+        if user:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail="A user with this username already exists",
+            )
+    
+    # Update user
+    user = update_user(db, db_obj=current_user, obj_in=user_in)
+    return user
+
+
+@router.get("/me", response_model=User)
+def read_user_me(
+    current_user: UserModel = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Get current user.
+    
+    Args:
+        current_user: Current user
+        
+    Returns:
+        Current user
+    """
+    return current_user
+
+
+@router.get("/{user_id}", response_model=User)
+def read_user_by_id(
+    user_id: int,
+    current_user: UserModel = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Get a specific user by id.
+    
+    Args:
+        user_id: User ID
+        current_user: Current user
+        db: Database session
+        
+    Returns:
+        User with specified ID
+    """
+    user = get_user(db, user_id=user_id)
+    if user == current_user:
+        return user
+    if not current_user.is_superuser:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail="The user doesn't have enough privileges"
+        )
+    return user
+
+
+@router.put("/{user_id}", response_model=User)
+def update_user_by_id(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    user_id: int,
+    user_in: UserUpdate,
+    current_user: UserModel = Depends(get_current_active_superuser),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Update a user (superuser only).
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        user_id: User ID
+        user_in: User data to update
+        current_user: Current user (must be superuser)
+        
+    Returns:
+        Updated user
+    """
+    user = get_user(db, user_id=user_id)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="The user with this ID does not exist",
+        )
+    
+    # Check if trying to update email to one that already exists
+    if user_in.email is not None and user_in.email != user.email:
+        user_with_email = get_user_by_email(db, email=user_in.email)
+        if user_with_email:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail="A user with this email already exists",
+            )
+    
+    # Check if trying to update username to one that already exists
+    if user_in.username is not None and user_in.username != user.username:
+        user_with_username = get_user_by_username(db, username=user_in.username)
+        if user_with_username:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail="A user with this username already exists",
+            )
+    
+    # Update user
+    user = update_user(db, db_obj=user, obj_in=user_in)
+    return user
--- a/app/core/init.py
+++ b/app/core/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# This file is intentionally left empty to make the directory a Python package
--- a/app/core/config.py
+++ b/app/core/config.py
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import secrets
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import List
+
+from pydantic import AnyHttpUrl, validator
+from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
+
+
+class Settings(BaseSettings):
+    # Base configuration
+    API_V1_STR: str = "/api/v1"
+    PROJECT_NAME: str = "User Authentication Service"
+    PROJECT_DESCRIPTION: str = "FastAPI User Authentication Service with JWT"
+    PROJECT_VERSION: str = "0.1.0"
+    
+    # Security configuration
+    SECRET_KEY: str = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+    ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES: int = 30
+    REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_DAYS: int = 7
+    ALGORITHM: str = "HS256"
+    
+    # Database configuration
+    DB_DIR: Path = Path("/app") / "storage" / "db"
+    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL: str = f"sqlite:///{DB_DIR}/db.sqlite"
+    
+    # CORS configuration
+    BACKEND_CORS_ORIGINS: List[AnyHttpUrl] = []
+
+    @validator("BACKEND_CORS_ORIGINS", pre=True)
+    def assemble_cors_origins(cls, v: str | List[str]) -> List[AnyHttpUrl]:
+        if isinstance(v, str) and not v.startswith("["):
+            return [i.strip() for i in v.split(",")]
+        elif isinstance(v, (list, str)):
+            return v
+        raise ValueError(v)
+    
+    class Config:
+        case_sensitive = True
+        env_file = ".env"
+
+
+# Create settings instance
+settings = Settings()
+
+# Ensure DB directory exists
+settings.DB_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
--- a/app/core/security.py
+++ b/app/core/security.py
@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Any, Union
+
+from jose import jwt
+from passlib.context import CryptContext
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+
+
+# Password hashing context
+pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
+
+# Token types
+TOKEN_TYPE_ACCESS = "access"
+TOKEN_TYPE_REFRESH = "refresh"
+
+
+def create_access_token(
+    subject: Union[str, Any], expires_delta: timedelta = None
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Create a JWT access token for a given subject.
+    
+    Args:
+        subject: Subject of the token (typically user ID)
+        expires_delta: Optional expiration time delta
+        
+    Returns:
+        Encoded JWT token
+    """
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(
+            minutes=settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES
+        )
+    
+    to_encode = {
+        "exp": expire,
+        "sub": str(subject),
+        "type": TOKEN_TYPE_ACCESS
+    }
+    
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(
+        to_encode, settings.SECRET_KEY, algorithm=settings.ALGORITHM
+    )
+    
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+def create_refresh_token(
+    subject: Union[str, Any], expires_delta: timedelta = None
+) -> str:
+    """
+    Create a JWT refresh token for a given subject.
+    
+    Args:
+        subject: Subject of the token (typically user ID)
+        expires_delta: Optional expiration time delta
+        
+    Returns:
+        Encoded JWT token
+    """
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(
+            days=settings.REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_DAYS
+        )
+    
+    to_encode = {
+        "exp": expire,
+        "sub": str(subject),
+        "type": TOKEN_TYPE_REFRESH
+    }
+    
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(
+        to_encode, settings.SECRET_KEY, algorithm=settings.ALGORITHM
+    )
+    
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password: str, hashed_password: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Verify a plain password against a hashed password.
+    
+    Args:
+        plain_password: Plain password
+        hashed_password: Hashed password
+        
+    Returns:
+        True if passwords match, False otherwise
+    """
+    return pwd_context.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Hash a password.
+    
+    Args:
+        password: Plain password
+        
+    Returns:
+        Hashed password
+    """
+    return pwd_context.hash(password)
--- a/app/crud/init.py
+++ b/app/crud/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# This file is intentionally left empty to make the directory a Python package
--- a/app/crud/user.py
+++ b/app/crud/user.py
@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Union
+
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.security import get_password_hash, verify_password
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.schemas.user import UserCreate, UserUpdate
+
+
+def get_user(db: Session, user_id: int) -> Optional[User]:
+    """Get a user by ID."""
+    return db.query(User).filter(User.id == user_id).first()
+
+
+def get_user_by_email(db: Session, email: str) -> Optional[User]:
+    """Get a user by email."""
+    return db.query(User).filter(User.email == email).first()
+
+
+def get_user_by_username(db: Session, username: str) -> Optional[User]:
+    """Get a user by username."""
+    return db.query(User).filter(User.username == username).first()
+
+
+def get_users(
+    db: Session, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 100
+) -> list[User]:
+    """Get multiple users with pagination."""
+    return db.query(User).offset(skip).limit(limit).all()
+
+
+def create_user(db: Session, obj_in: UserCreate) -> User:
+    """Create a new user."""
+    db_obj = User(
+        email=obj_in.email,
+        username=obj_in.username,
+        hashed_password=get_password_hash(obj_in.password),
+        full_name=obj_in.full_name,
+        is_active=obj_in.is_active,
+        is_superuser=obj_in.is_superuser,
+    )
+    db.add(db_obj)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(db_obj)
+    return db_obj
+
+
+def update_user(
+    db: Session, *, db_obj: User, obj_in: Union[UserUpdate, Dict[str, Any]]
+) -> User:
+    """Update a user."""
+    if isinstance(obj_in, dict):
+        update_data = obj_in
+    else:
+        update_data = obj_in.dict(exclude_unset=True)
+    
+    if update_data.get("password"):
+        hashed_password = get_password_hash(update_data["password"])
+        del update_data["password"]
+        update_data["hashed_password"] = hashed_password
+    
+    for field in update_data:
+        if hasattr(db_obj, field):
+            setattr(db_obj, field, update_data[field])
+    
+    db.add(db_obj)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(db_obj)
+    return db_obj
+
+
+def authenticate_user(
+    db: Session, *, email: str = None, username: str = None, password: str
+) -> Optional[User]:
+    """Authenticate a user by email/username and password."""
+    if email:
+        user = get_user_by_email(db, email=email)
+    elif username:
+        user = get_user_by_username(db, username=username)
+    else:
+        return None
+    
+    if not user:
+        return None
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return None
+    
+    return user
+
+
+def is_active(user: User) -> bool:
+    """Check if user is active."""
+    return user.is_active
+
+
+def is_superuser(user: User) -> bool:
+    """Check if user is superuser."""
+    return user.is_superuser
--- a/app/db/init.py
+++ b/app/db/init.py
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# This file is intentionally left empty to make the directory a Python package
--- a/app/db/base.py
+++ b/app/db/base.py
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+
+
+Base = declarative_base()
--- a/app/db/base_class.py
+++ b/app/db/base_class.py
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Import all the models, so that Base has them before being imported by Alembic
+from app.db.base import Base  # noqa
+from app.models.user import User  # noqa
--- a/app/db/base_model.py
+++ b/app/db/base_model.py
@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from sqlalchemy import Column, DateTime, Integer, func
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declared_attr
+
+
+class BaseModel:
+    """Base model class for all SQLAlchemy models"""
+    
+    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
+    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=func.now(), nullable=False)
+    updated_at = Column(DateTime, default=func.now(), onupdate=func.now(), nullable=False)
+    
+    @declared_attr
+    def __tablename__(cls):
+        """Automatically generates table name from class name"""
+        return cls.__name__.lower()
--- a/app/db/init_db.py
+++ b/app/db/init_db.py
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.crud.user import create_user, get_user_by_email
+from app.schemas.user import UserCreate
+
+
+def init_db(db: Session) -> None:
+    """Initialize the database with seed data if needed"""
+    
+    # Create a superuser if no users exist
+    user = get_user_by_email(db, email="admin@example.com")
+    if not user:
+        user_in = UserCreate(
+            email="admin@example.com",
+            username="admin",
+            password="admin123",  # This should be a secure password in production
+            full_name="Administrator",
+            is_superuser=True
+        )
+        create_user(db, obj_in=user_in)
--- a/app/db/session.py
+++ b/app/db/session.py
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+
+
+# Ensure the database directory exists
+db_dir = Path("/app") / "storage" / "db"
+db_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+# Create SQLAlchemy engine
+engine = create_engine(
+    settings.SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL,
+    connect_args={"check_same_thread": False}  # Needed for SQLite
+)
+
+# Create session factory
+SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)
+
+
+# Dependency to get DB session
+def get_db():
+    db = SessionLocal()
+    try:
+        yield db
+    finally:
+        db.close()
--- a/app/models/init.py
+++ b/app/models/init.py
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# Import models here for easy access
+from app.models.user import User  # noqa
--- a/app/models/user.py
+++ b/app/models/user.py
@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, String
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.db.base_model import BaseModel
+
+
+class User(Base, BaseModel):
+    """User model for authentication"""
+    
+    email = Column(String, unique=True, index=True, nullable=False)
+    username = Column(String, unique=True, index=True, nullable=False)
+    hashed_password = Column(String, nullable=False)
+    full_name = Column(String, nullable=True)
+    is_active = Column(Boolean, default=True, nullable=False)
+    is_superuser = Column(Boolean, default=False, nullable=False)
--- a/app/schemas/init.py
+++ b/app/schemas/init.py
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Import schemas here for easy access
+from app.schemas.user import User, UserCreate, UserUpdate  # noqa
+from app.schemas.token import Token, TokenPayload, RefreshToken  # noqa
--- a/app/schemas/token.py
+++ b/app/schemas/token.py
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+    refresh_token: str
+
+
+class TokenPayload(BaseModel):
+    sub: Optional[str] = None  # subject (typically user ID)
+    exp: Optional[int] = None  # expiration time
+    type: Optional[str] = None  # token type (access or refresh)
+
+
+class RefreshToken(BaseModel):
+    refresh_token: str
--- a/app/schemas/user.py
+++ b/app/schemas/user.py
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr, Field, validator
+
+
+# Shared properties
+class UserBase(BaseModel):
+    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
+    username: Optional[str] = None
+    is_active: Optional[bool] = True
+    is_superuser: bool = False
+    full_name: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+# Properties to receive on user creation
+class UserCreate(UserBase):
+    email: EmailStr
+    username: str
+    password: str = Field(..., min_length=8)
+    
+    @validator("username")
+    def username_alphanumeric(cls, v):
+        if not v.isalnum():
+            raise ValueError("Username must be alphanumeric")
+        return v
+
+
+# Properties to receive on user update
+class UserUpdate(UserBase):
+    password: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+# Properties to return to client
+class User(UserBase):
+    id: int
+
+    class Config:
+        orm_mode = True
+
+
+# Properties properties stored in JWT token
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+    class Config:
+        orm_mode = True
--- a/main.py
+++ b/main.py
@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+from fastapi.openapi.utils import get_openapi
+
+from app.api.v1.api import api_router
+from app.core.config import settings
+
+
+app = FastAPI(
+    title=settings.PROJECT_NAME,
+    description=settings.PROJECT_DESCRIPTION,
+    version=settings.PROJECT_VERSION,
+)
+
+# Set up CORS middleware
+app.add_middleware(
+    CORSMiddleware,
+    allow_origins=["*"],
+    allow_credentials=True,
+    allow_methods=["*"],
+    allow_headers=["*"],
+)
+
+# Include API router
+app.include_router(api_router, prefix=settings.API_V1_STR)
+
+# Define custom OpenAPI schema
+def custom_openapi():
+    if app.openapi_schema:
+        return app.openapi_schema
+    
+    openapi_schema = get_openapi(
+        title=settings.PROJECT_NAME,
+        version=settings.PROJECT_VERSION,
+        description=settings.PROJECT_DESCRIPTION,
+        routes=app.routes,
+    )
+    
+    app.openapi_schema = openapi_schema
+    return app.openapi_schema
+
+app.openapi = custom_openapi
+
+@app.get("/", tags=["Root"])
+async def root():
+    """
+    Root endpoint providing basic service information.
+    """
+    return {
+        "title": settings.PROJECT_NAME,
+        "documentation": "/docs",
+        "health_check": "/health"
+    }
+
+@app.get("/health", tags=["Health"])
+async def health():
+    """
+    Health check endpoint to verify service status.
+    """
+    return {
+        "status": "healthy",
+        "version": settings.PROJECT_VERSION
+    }
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import uvicorn
+    uvicorn.run("main:app", host="0.0.0.0", port=8000, reload=True)
--- a/migrations/README
+++ b/migrations/README
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Generic single-database configuration with SQLite.
--- a/migrations/env.py
+++ b/migrations/env.py
@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import sys
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from alembic import context
+from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config, pool
+
+
+# Add the parent directory to sys.path
+sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent))
+
+# Import the Base object from our app
+from app.db.base_class import Base
+
+
+# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
+# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
+config = context.config
+
+# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
+# This line sets up loggers basically.
+fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+
+# add your model's MetaData object here
+# for 'autogenerate' support
+target_metadata = Base.metadata
+
+# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
+# can be acquired:
+# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
+# ... etc.
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline():
+    """Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
+
+    This configures the context with just a URL
+    and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
+    here as well.  By skipping the Engine creation
+    we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
+
+    Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
+    script output.
+
+    """
+    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
+    context.configure(
+        url=url,
+        target_metadata=target_metadata,
+        literal_binds=True,
+        dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
+    )
+
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online():
+    """Run migrations in 'online' mode.
+
+    In this scenario we need to create an Engine
+    and associate a connection with the context.
+
+    """
+    connectable = engine_from_config(
+        config.get_section(config.config_ini_section),
+        prefix="sqlalchemy.",
+        poolclass=pool.NullPool,
+    )
+
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        is_sqlite = connection.dialect.name == 'sqlite'
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection,
+            target_metadata=target_metadata,
+            render_as_batch=is_sqlite  # Key configuration for SQLite
+        )
+
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()
--- a/migrations/script.py.mako
+++ b/migrations/script.py.mako
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}
--- a/migrations/versions/c5d2eb0d8a87_initial_migration.py
+++ b/migrations/versions/c5d2eb0d8a87_initial_migration.py
@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+"""Initial migration
+
+Revision ID: c5d2eb0d8a87
+Revises: 
+Create Date: 2023-11-30 10:00:00.000000
+
+"""
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = 'c5d2eb0d8a87'
+down_revision = None
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    # Create user table
+    op.create_table(
+        'user',
+        sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('email', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('username', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('hashed_password', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('full_name', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column('is_active', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True),
+        sa.Column('is_superuser', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False, default=False),
+        sa.Column('created_at', sa.DateTime(), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+        sa.Column('updated_at', sa.DateTime(), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now(), onupdate=sa.func.now()),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    
+    # Create indexes
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_user_email'), 'user', ['email'], unique=True)
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_user_id'), 'user', ['id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_user_username'), 'user', ['username'], unique=True)
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    # Drop indexes
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_user_username'), table_name='user')
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_user_id'), table_name='user')
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_user_email'), table_name='user')
+    
+    # Drop table
+    op.drop_table('user')
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[tool.ruff]
+line-length = 120
+target-version = "py310"
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# FastAPI and ASGI server
+fastapi>=0.104.0
+uvicorn>=0.23.2
+pydantic>=2.4.2
+pydantic-settings>=2.0.3
+email-validator>=2.1.0
+
+# Database
+sqlalchemy>=2.0.23
+alembic>=1.12.1
+
+# Authentication
+python-jose[cryptography]>=3.3.0
+passlib[bcrypt]>=1.7.4
+python-multipart>=0.0.6
+
+# Utils
+python-dotenv>=1.0.0
+ruff>=0.1.3
				`@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`# This file is intentionally left empty to make the directory a Python package`
				`@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`Generic single-database configuration with SQLite.`