Implement Multimodal Ticketing System with FastAPI and SQLite

This commit includes:
- Project structure and FastAPI setup
- SQLAlchemy models for users, vehicles, schedules, and tickets
- Alembic migrations
- User authentication and management
- Vehicle and schedule management
- Ticket purchase and cancellation with time restrictions
- Comprehensive API documentation

README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,123 @@
-# FastAPI Application
+# Multimodal Ticketing System
 
-This is a FastAPI application bootstrapped by BackendIM, the AI-powered backend generation platform.
+A backend system built with FastAPI that allows users to purchase tickets for different transportation modes (cars, buses, trains).
+
+## Features
+
+- User registration and authentication
+- User profile management
+- Vehicle management (cars, buses, trains)
+- Schedule management for different vehicles
+- Ticket purchasing with time restrictions
+- Ticket cancellation with time restrictions
+- View active tickets and ticket history
+
+## Requirements
+
+- Python 3.8+
+- SQLite database
+
+## Environment Variables
+
+The application uses the following environment variables:
+
+| Variable | Description | Default |
+|----------|-------------|---------|
+| SECRET_KEY | JWT secret key | "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7" |
+| ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES | Token expiration time in minutes | 30 |
+
+## Installation
+
+1. Clone the repository:
+
+```bash
+git clone <repository-url>
+cd multimodalticketingsystem
+```
+
+2. Create a virtual environment and activate it:
+
+```bash
+python -m venv venv
+source venv/bin/activate  # On Windows, use `venv\Scripts\activate`
+```
+
+3. Install the required dependencies:
+
+```bash
+pip install -r requirements.txt
+```
+
+4. Run the database migrations:
+
+```bash
+alembic upgrade head
+```
+
+5. Start the application:
+
+```bash
+uvicorn main:app --reload
+```
+
+The API will be available at http://localhost:8000.
+
+## API Documentation
+
+The API documentation is available at:
+- Swagger UI: http://localhost:8000/docs
+- ReDoc: http://localhost:8000/redoc
+
+## API Endpoints
+
+### Authentication
+
+- `POST /api/v1/auth/register` - Register a new user
+- `POST /api/v1/auth/login` - Login and get access token
+
+### Users
+
+- `GET /api/v1/users/me` - Get current user profile
+- `PUT /api/v1/users/me` - Update current user profile
+
+### Vehicles
+
+- `GET /api/v1/vehicles` - List all vehicles
+- `POST /api/v1/vehicles` - Create a new vehicle
+- `GET /api/v1/vehicles/{vehicle_id}` - Get vehicle details
+- `PUT /api/v1/vehicles/{vehicle_id}` - Update a vehicle
+- `DELETE /api/v1/vehicles/{vehicle_id}` - Delete a vehicle (soft delete)
+
+### Schedules
+
+- `GET /api/v1/vehicles/schedules` - List all schedules
+- `POST /api/v1/vehicles/schedules` - Create a new schedule
+- `GET /api/v1/vehicles/schedules/{schedule_id}` - Get schedule details
+- `PUT /api/v1/vehicles/schedules/{schedule_id}` - Update a schedule
+- `DELETE /api/v1/vehicles/schedules/{schedule_id}` - Delete a schedule (soft delete)
+
+### Tickets
+
+- `POST /api/v1/tickets` - Purchase a ticket
+- `GET /api/v1/tickets` - List all tickets for current user
+- `GET /api/v1/tickets/active` - List active tickets for current user
+- `GET /api/v1/tickets/history` - List ticket history for current user
+- `GET /api/v1/tickets/{ticket_id}` - Get ticket details by ID
+- `GET /api/v1/tickets/by-ticket-number/{ticket_number}` - Get ticket details by ticket number
+- `PUT /api/v1/tickets/{ticket_id}/cancel` - Cancel a ticket
+
+## Business Rules
+
+- Tickets cannot be purchased less than 10 minutes before departure time
+- Tickets cannot be cancelled less than 3 minutes before departure time
+- Train tickets include a seat number, while car and bus tickets do not
+- When a ticket is cancelled, the seat becomes available for purchase again
+
+## Database Structure
+
+The system uses the following database models:
+
+- **Users**: Store user information
+- **Vehicles**: Store different types of vehicles (cars, buses, trains)
+- **Schedules**: Store departure and arrival information for vehicles
+- **Tickets**: Store ticket information linked to users and schedules

alembic.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# A generic, single database configuration.
+
+[alembic]
+# path to migration scripts
+script_location = migrations
+
+# template used to generate migration files
+# file_template = %%(rev)s_%%(slug)s
+
+# timezone to use when rendering the date
+# within the migration file as well as the filename.
+# string value is passed to dateutil.tz.gettz()
+# leave blank for localtime
+# timezone =
+
+# max length of characters to apply to the
+# "slug" field
+# truncate_slug_length = 40
+
+# set to 'true' to run the environment during
+# the 'revision' command, regardless of autogenerate
+# revision_environment = false
+
+# set to 'true' to allow .pyc and .pyo files without
+# a source .py file to be detected as revisions in the
+# versions/ directory
+# sourceless = false
+
+# version location specification; this defaults
+# to migrations/versions.  When using multiple version
+# directories, initial revisions must be specified with --version-path
+# version_locations = %(here)s/bar %(here)s/bat migrations/versions
+
+# the output encoding used when revision files
+# are written from script.py.mako
+# output_encoding = utf-8
+
+# SQLite URL example with absolute path
+sqlalchemy.url = sqlite:////app/storage/db/db.sqlite
+
+
+[post_write_hooks]
+# post_write_hooks defines scripts or Python functions that are run
+# on newly generated revision scripts.  See the documentation for further
+# detail and examples
+
+# format using "black" - use the console_scripts runner, against the "black" entrypoint
+# hooks=black
+# black.type=console_scripts
+# black.entrypoint=black
+# black.options=-l 79
+
+# Logging configuration
+[loggers]
+keys = root,sqlalchemy,alembic
+
+[handlers]
+keys = console
+
+[formatters]
+keys = generic
+
+[logger_root]
+level = WARN
+handlers = console
+qualname =
+
+[logger_sqlalchemy]
+level = WARN
+handlers =
+qualname = sqlalchemy.engine
+
+[logger_alembic]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = alembic
+
+[handler_console]
+class = StreamHandler
+args = (sys.stderr,)
+level = NOTSET
+formatter = generic
+
+[formatter_generic]
+format = %(levelname)-5.5s [%(name)s] %(message)s
+datefmt = %H:%M:%S

app/api/v1/api.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter
+
+from app.api.v1.endpoints import auth, tickets, users, vehicles
+
+api_router = APIRouter()
+
+api_router.include_router(auth.router, prefix="/auth", tags=["authentication"])
+api_router.include_router(users.router, prefix="/users", tags=["users"])
+api_router.include_router(vehicles.router, prefix="/vehicles", tags=["vehicles"])
+api_router.include_router(tickets.router, prefix="/tickets", tags=["tickets"])

app/api/v1/endpoints/auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+from datetime import timedelta
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.auth import authenticate_user
+from app.core.config import settings
+from app.core.security import create_access_token, get_password_hash
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.schemas.token import Token
+from app.schemas.user import User as UserSchema
+from app.schemas.user import UserCreate
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.post("/login", response_model=Token)
+def login_access_token(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db), form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    OAuth2 compatible token login, get an access token for future requests.
+    """
+    user = authenticate_user(db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    return {
+        "access_token": create_access_token(
+            user.id, expires_delta=access_token_expires
+        ),
+        "token_type": "bearer",
+    }
+
+
+@router.post("/register", response_model=UserSchema, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+def register_user(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    user_in: UserCreate,
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Register a new user.
+    """
+    # Check if username already exists
+    user = db.query(User).filter(User.username == user_in.username).first()
+    if user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Username already registered",
+        )
+    
+    # Check if email already exists
+    user = db.query(User).filter(User.email == user_in.email).first()
+    if user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Email already registered",
+        )
+    
+    # Create new user
+    user = User(
+        username=user_in.username,
+        email=user_in.email,
+        hashed_password=get_password_hash(user_in.password),
+        is_active=True,
+    )
+    db.add(user)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(user)
+    
+    return user

app/api/v1/endpoints/tickets.py

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any, List, Optional
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.auth import get_current_active_user
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.ticket import Ticket, TicketStatus
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.models.vehicle import Schedule, Vehicle, VehicleType
+from app.schemas.ticket import (
+    Ticket as TicketSchema,
+)
+from app.schemas.ticket import (
+    TicketCreate,
+)
+from app.services.ticket_service import (
+    assign_seat_number,
+    generate_ticket_number,
+    validate_cancellation_time,
+    validate_purchase_time,
+)
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.post("/", response_model=TicketSchema, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+def create_ticket(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    ticket_in: TicketCreate,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Purchase a ticket.
+    """
+    # Check if schedule exists and is active
+    schedule = db.query(Schedule).join(Vehicle).filter(
+        Schedule.id == ticket_in.schedule_id,
+        Schedule.is_active == True,
+        Vehicle.is_active == True
+    ).first()
+    
+    if not schedule:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="Schedule not found",
+        )
+    
+    # Check if there are available seats
+    if schedule.available_seats <= 0:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="No available seats for this schedule",
+        )
+    
+    # Validate purchase time (at least 10 minutes before departure)
+    validate_purchase_time(schedule)
+    
+    # For trains, assign a seat number
+    vehicle_type = schedule.vehicle.vehicle_type
+    if vehicle_type == VehicleType.TRAIN:
+        seat_number = assign_seat_number(db, schedule, vehicle_type)
+    else:
+        seat_number = ticket_in.seat_number
+    
+    # Create ticket
+    ticket = Ticket(
+        user_id=current_user.id,
+        schedule_id=ticket_in.schedule_id,
+        seat_number=seat_number,
+        purchase_time=datetime.utcnow(),
+        status=TicketStatus.ACTIVE,
+        is_active=True,
+        ticket_number=generate_ticket_number(),
+    )
+    
+    # Update available seats in schedule
+    schedule.available_seats -= 1
+    
+    db.add(ticket)
+    db.add(schedule)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(ticket)
+    
+    return ticket
+
+
+@router.get("/", response_model=List[TicketSchema])
+def list_tickets(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    skip: int = 0,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    status: Optional[TicketStatus] = None,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Retrieve all tickets for the current user.
+    """
+    query = db.query(Ticket).filter(
+        Ticket.user_id == current_user.id,
+        Ticket.is_active == True
+    )
+    
+    if status:
+        query = query.filter(Ticket.status == status)
+    
+    tickets = query.offset(skip).limit(limit).all()
+    return tickets
+
+
+@router.get("/active", response_model=List[TicketSchema])
+def list_active_tickets(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Retrieve all active tickets for the current user.
+    """
+    tickets = db.query(Ticket).filter(
+        Ticket.user_id == current_user.id,
+        Ticket.status == TicketStatus.ACTIVE,
+        Ticket.is_active == True
+    ).all()
+    
+    return tickets
+
+
+@router.get("/history", response_model=List[TicketSchema])
+def list_ticket_history(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Retrieve ticket history (used, cancelled, expired) for the current user.
+    """
+    tickets = db.query(Ticket).filter(
+        Ticket.user_id == current_user.id,
+        Ticket.status != TicketStatus.ACTIVE,
+        Ticket.is_active == True
+    ).all()
+    
+    return tickets
+
+
+@router.get("/{ticket_id}", response_model=TicketSchema)
+def get_ticket(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    ticket_id: int,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Get ticket by ID.
+    """
+    ticket = db.query(Ticket).filter(
+        Ticket.id == ticket_id,
+        Ticket.user_id == current_user.id,
+        Ticket.is_active == True
+    ).first()
+    
+    if not ticket:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="Ticket not found",
+        )
+    
+    return ticket
+
+
+@router.get("/by-ticket-number/{ticket_number}", response_model=TicketSchema)
+def get_ticket_by_number(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    ticket_number: str,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Get ticket by ticket number.
+    """
+    ticket = db.query(Ticket).filter(
+        Ticket.ticket_number == ticket_number,
+        Ticket.user_id == current_user.id,
+        Ticket.is_active == True
+    ).first()
+    
+    if not ticket:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="Ticket not found",
+        )
+    
+    return ticket
+
+
+@router.put("/{ticket_id}/cancel", response_model=TicketSchema)
+def cancel_ticket(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    ticket_id: int,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Cancel a ticket.
+    """
+    ticket = db.query(Ticket).filter(
+        Ticket.id == ticket_id,
+        Ticket.user_id == current_user.id,
+        Ticket.is_active == True,
+        Ticket.status == TicketStatus.ACTIVE
+    ).first()
+    
+    if not ticket:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="Active ticket not found",
+        )
+    
+    # Validate cancellation time (at least 3 minutes before departure)
+    validate_cancellation_time(ticket)
+    
+    # Update ticket status
+    ticket.status = TicketStatus.CANCELLED
+    
+    # Increment available seats in schedule
+    schedule = db.query(Schedule).filter(Schedule.id == ticket.schedule_id).first()
+    schedule.available_seats += 1
+    
+    db.add(ticket)
+    db.add(schedule)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(ticket)
+    
+    return ticket

app/api/v1/endpoints/users.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+from typing import Any
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.auth import get_current_active_user
+from app.core.security import get_password_hash
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.schemas.user import User as UserSchema
+from app.schemas.user import UserUpdate
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+@router.get("/me", response_model=UserSchema)
+def read_user_me(
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Get current user.
+    """
+    return current_user
+
+
+@router.put("/me", response_model=UserSchema)
+def update_user_me(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    user_in: UserUpdate,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Update own user.
+    """
+    # Check if username is being updated and if it's already taken
+    if user_in.username and user_in.username != current_user.username:
+        user = db.query(User).filter(User.username == user_in.username).first()
+        if user:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail="Username already registered",
+            )
+    
+    # Check if email is being updated and if it's already taken
+    if user_in.email and user_in.email != current_user.email:
+        user = db.query(User).filter(User.email == user_in.email).first()
+        if user:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail="Email already registered",
+            )
+    
+    # Update user details
+    user_data = user_in.dict(exclude_unset=True)
+    if user_in.password:
+        user_data["hashed_password"] = get_password_hash(user_in.password)
+        del user_data["password"]
+    
+    for key, value in user_data.items():
+        setattr(current_user, key, value)
+    
+    db.add(current_user)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(current_user)
+    
+    return current_user

app/api/v1/endpoints/vehicles.py

@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any, List, Optional
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlalchemy import or_
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.auth import get_current_active_user
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.models.vehicle import Schedule, Vehicle, VehicleType
+from app.schemas.vehicle import (
+    Schedule as ScheduleSchema,
+)
+from app.schemas.vehicle import (
+    ScheduleCreate,
+    ScheduleUpdate,
+    VehicleCreate,
+    VehicleUpdate,
+)
+from app.schemas.vehicle import (
+    Vehicle as VehicleSchema,
+)
+
+router = APIRouter()
+
+
+# Vehicle endpoints
+@router.get("/", response_model=List[VehicleSchema])
+def list_vehicles(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    skip: int = 0,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    vehicle_type: Optional[VehicleType] = None,
+    search: Optional[str] = None,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Retrieve vehicles with optional filtering.
+    """
+    query = db.query(Vehicle).filter(Vehicle.is_active == True)
+    
+    if vehicle_type:
+        query = query.filter(Vehicle.vehicle_type == vehicle_type)
+    
+    if search:
+        query = query.filter(
+            or_(
+                Vehicle.vehicle_number.contains(search),
+            )
+        )
+    
+    vehicles = query.offset(skip).limit(limit).all()
+    return vehicles
+
+
+@router.post("/", response_model=VehicleSchema, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+def create_vehicle(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    vehicle_in: VehicleCreate,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Create new vehicle.
+    """
+    # Check if vehicle with same number already exists
+    db_vehicle = db.query(Vehicle).filter(Vehicle.vehicle_number == vehicle_in.vehicle_number).first()
+    if db_vehicle:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Vehicle with this number already exists",
+        )
+    
+    vehicle = Vehicle(
+        vehicle_number=vehicle_in.vehicle_number,
+        vehicle_type=vehicle_in.vehicle_type,
+        capacity=vehicle_in.capacity,
+        is_active=True,
+    )
+    db.add(vehicle)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(vehicle)
+    return vehicle
+
+
+@router.get("/{vehicle_id}", response_model=VehicleSchema)
+def get_vehicle(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    vehicle_id: int,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Get vehicle by ID.
+    """
+    vehicle = db.query(Vehicle).filter(Vehicle.id == vehicle_id, Vehicle.is_active == True).first()
+    if not vehicle:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, 
+            detail="Vehicle not found"
+        )
+    return vehicle
+
+
+@router.put("/{vehicle_id}", response_model=VehicleSchema)
+def update_vehicle(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    vehicle_id: int,
+    vehicle_in: VehicleUpdate,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Update a vehicle.
+    """
+    vehicle = db.query(Vehicle).filter(Vehicle.id == vehicle_id, Vehicle.is_active == True).first()
+    if not vehicle:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, 
+            detail="Vehicle not found"
+        )
+    
+    # Check if vehicle number is being updated and if it's already taken
+    if vehicle_in.vehicle_number and vehicle_in.vehicle_number != vehicle.vehicle_number:
+        db_vehicle = db.query(Vehicle).filter(Vehicle.vehicle_number == vehicle_in.vehicle_number).first()
+        if db_vehicle:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail="Vehicle with this number already exists",
+            )
+    
+    vehicle_data = vehicle_in.dict(exclude_unset=True)
+    for key, value in vehicle_data.items():
+        setattr(vehicle, key, value)
+    
+    db.add(vehicle)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(vehicle)
+    return vehicle
+
+
+@router.delete("/{vehicle_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT, response_model=None)
+def delete_vehicle(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    vehicle_id: int,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Delete a vehicle (soft delete).
+    """
+    vehicle = db.query(Vehicle).filter(Vehicle.id == vehicle_id, Vehicle.is_active == True).first()
+    if not vehicle:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, 
+            detail="Vehicle not found"
+        )
+    
+    # Soft delete by setting is_active to False
+    vehicle.is_active = False
+    db.add(vehicle)
+    db.commit()
+    
+    return None
+
+
+# Schedule endpoints
+@router.get("/schedules", response_model=List[ScheduleSchema])
+def list_schedules(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    skip: int = 0,
+    limit: int = 100,
+    vehicle_id: Optional[int] = None,
+    vehicle_type: Optional[VehicleType] = None,
+    departure_from: Optional[datetime] = None,
+    departure_to: Optional[datetime] = None,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Retrieve schedules with optional filtering.
+    """
+    query = db.query(Schedule).join(Vehicle).filter(
+        Schedule.is_active == True,
+        Vehicle.is_active == True
+    )
+    
+    if vehicle_id:
+        query = query.filter(Schedule.vehicle_id == vehicle_id)
+    
+    if vehicle_type:
+        query = query.filter(Vehicle.vehicle_type == vehicle_type)
+    
+    if departure_from:
+        query = query.filter(Schedule.departure_time >= departure_from)
+    
+    if departure_to:
+        query = query.filter(Schedule.departure_time <= departure_to)
+    
+    schedules = query.order_by(Schedule.departure_time).offset(skip).limit(limit).all()
+    return schedules
+
+
+@router.post("/schedules", response_model=ScheduleSchema, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+def create_schedule(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    schedule_in: ScheduleCreate,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Create new schedule.
+    """
+    # Check if vehicle exists
+    vehicle = db.query(Vehicle).filter(
+        Vehicle.id == schedule_in.vehicle_id,
+        Vehicle.is_active == True
+    ).first()
+    if not vehicle:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail="Vehicle not found",
+        )
+    
+    # Validate that arrival time is after departure time
+    if schedule_in.arrival_time <= schedule_in.departure_time:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Arrival time must be after departure time",
+        )
+    
+    # Validate that available seats doesn't exceed vehicle capacity
+    if schedule_in.available_seats > vehicle.capacity:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail=f"Available seats cannot exceed vehicle capacity ({vehicle.capacity})",
+        )
+    
+    schedule = Schedule(
+        vehicle_id=schedule_in.vehicle_id,
+        departure_location=schedule_in.departure_location,
+        arrival_location=schedule_in.arrival_location,
+        departure_time=schedule_in.departure_time,
+        arrival_time=schedule_in.arrival_time,
+        available_seats=schedule_in.available_seats,
+        is_active=True,
+    )
+    db.add(schedule)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(schedule)
+    return schedule
+
+
+@router.get("/schedules/{schedule_id}", response_model=ScheduleSchema)
+def get_schedule(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    schedule_id: int,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Get schedule by ID.
+    """
+    schedule = db.query(Schedule).filter(
+        Schedule.id == schedule_id, 
+        Schedule.is_active == True
+    ).first()
+    if not schedule:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, 
+            detail="Schedule not found"
+        )
+    return schedule
+
+
+@router.put("/schedules/{schedule_id}", response_model=ScheduleSchema)
+def update_schedule(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    schedule_id: int,
+    schedule_in: ScheduleUpdate,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Update a schedule.
+    """
+    schedule = db.query(Schedule).filter(
+        Schedule.id == schedule_id, 
+        Schedule.is_active == True
+    ).first()
+    if not schedule:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, 
+            detail="Schedule not found"
+        )
+    
+    # If updating available seats, check that it doesn't exceed vehicle capacity
+    if schedule_in.available_seats is not None:
+        vehicle = db.query(Vehicle).filter(Vehicle.id == schedule.vehicle_id).first()
+        if schedule_in.available_seats > vehicle.capacity:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+                detail=f"Available seats cannot exceed vehicle capacity ({vehicle.capacity})",
+            )
+    
+    # If updating times, validate that arrival is after departure
+    new_departure = schedule_in.departure_time or schedule.departure_time
+    new_arrival = schedule_in.arrival_time or schedule.arrival_time
+    
+    if new_arrival <= new_departure:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Arrival time must be after departure time",
+        )
+    
+    schedule_data = schedule_in.dict(exclude_unset=True)
+    for key, value in schedule_data.items():
+        setattr(schedule, key, value)
+    
+    db.add(schedule)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(schedule)
+    return schedule
+
+
+@router.delete("/schedules/{schedule_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT, response_model=None)
+def delete_schedule(
+    *,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+    schedule_id: int,
+    _: User = Depends(get_current_active_user),
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Delete a schedule (soft delete).
+    """
+    schedule = db.query(Schedule).filter(
+        Schedule.id == schedule_id, 
+        Schedule.is_active == True
+    ).first()
+    if not schedule:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, 
+            detail="Schedule not found"
+        )
+    
+    # Soft delete by setting is_active to False
+    schedule.is_active = False
+    db.add(schedule)
+    db.commit()
+    
+    return None

app/core/auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from jose import JWTError, jwt
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+from app.core.security import verify_password
+from app.db.session import get_db
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.schemas.token import TokenPayload
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl=f"{settings.API_V1_STR}/auth/login")
+
+
+def authenticate_user(db: Session, username: str, password: str) -> Optional[User]:
+    """
+    Verify username and password.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        username: Username to verify
+        password: Password to verify
+        
+    Returns:
+        User object if authentication successful, None otherwise
+    """
+    user = db.query(User).filter(User.username == username).first()
+    if not user:
+        return None
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return None
+    return user
+
+
+def get_current_user(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db), token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)
+) -> User:
+    """
+    Get the current user based on JWT token.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        token: JWT token
+        
+    Returns:
+        Current user
+        
+    Raises:
+        HTTPException: If token is invalid or user not found
+    """
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(
+            token, settings.SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[settings.ALGORITHM]
+        )
+        user_id: int = int(payload.get("sub"))
+        if user_id is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        token_data = TokenPayload(sub=user_id)
+    except JWTError:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    
+    user = db.query(User).filter(User.id == token_data.sub).first()
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    if not user.is_active:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return user
+
+
+def get_current_active_user(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
+    """
+    Get the current active user.
+    
+    Args:
+        current_user: Current user
+        
+    Returns:
+        Current active user
+        
+    Raises:
+        HTTPException: If user is inactive
+    """
+    if not current_user.is_active:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user

app/core/config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings, SettingsConfigDict
+
+
+class Settings(BaseSettings):
+    model_config = SettingsConfigDict(env_file=".env", case_sensitive=True)
+
+    # Base settings
+    PROJECT_NAME: str = "Multimodal Ticketing System"
+    PROJECT_DESCRIPTION: str = "A system for purchasing tickets for various transportation modes"
+    VERSION: str = "0.1.0"
+    API_V1_STR: str = "/api/v1"
+
+    # Security settings
+    SECRET_KEY: str = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"  # CHANGE IN PRODUCTION!
+    ALGORITHM: str = "HS256"
+    ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES: int = 30
+
+    # Database settings
+    DB_DIR = Path("/app") / "storage" / "db"
+    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL: str = f"sqlite:///{DB_DIR}/db.sqlite"
+
+
+settings = Settings()
+
+# Ensure database directory exists
+settings.DB_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

app/core/security.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Any, Union
+
+from jose import jwt
+from passlib.context import CryptContext
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+
+pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
+
+
+def create_access_token(subject: Union[str, Any], expires_delta: timedelta = None) -> str:
+    """
+    Create JWT access token.
+    
+    Args:
+        subject: The subject of the token, typically user_id
+        expires_delta: Optional expiration time delta
+        
+    Returns:
+        The encoded JWT token
+    """
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(
+            minutes=settings.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES
+        )
+    to_encode = {"exp": expire, "sub": str(subject)}
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, settings.SECRET_KEY, algorithm=settings.ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password: str, hashed_password: str) -> bool:
+    """
+    Verify that the plain password matches the hashed password.
+    
+    Args:
+        plain_password: The password in plain text
+        hashed_password: The hashed password to compare against
+        
+    Returns:
+        True if the password matches, False otherwise
+    """
+    return pwd_context.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Hash a password for storing.
+    
+    Args:
+        password: The password to hash
+        
+    Returns:
+        The hashed password
+    """
+    return pwd_context.hash(password)

app/db/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+
+Base = declarative_base()

app/db/base_class.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from app.db.base import Base
+from app.models.ticket import Ticket
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.models.vehicle import Schedule, Vehicle
+
+# This file imports all SQLAlchemy models to ensure they are registered with the Base metadata
+# This file is used by Alembic for auto-generating migrations
+
+__all__ = ["Base", "User", "Vehicle", "Schedule", "Ticket"]

app/db/session.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+
+from app.core.config import settings
+
+engine = create_engine(
+    settings.SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL,
+    connect_args={"check_same_thread": False}  # Only needed for SQLite
+)
+
+SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)
+
+
+def get_db():
+    """
+    Dependency for getting a database session.
+    Usage:
+        @app.get("/")
+        def read_item(db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
+            ...
+    """
+    db = SessionLocal()
+    try:
+        yield db
+    finally:
+        db.close()

app/models/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from app.models.ticket import Ticket, TicketStatus
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.models.vehicle import Schedule, Vehicle, VehicleType
+
+# This list should contain all models for Alembic to detect changes
+__all__ = [
+    "User",
+    "Vehicle",
+    "VehicleType",
+    "Schedule",
+    "Ticket",
+    "TicketStatus",
+]

app/models/ticket.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from enum import Enum as PyEnum
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, DateTime, Enum, ForeignKey, Integer, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+
+
+class TicketStatus(str, PyEnum):
+    ACTIVE = "active"
+    USED = "used"
+    CANCELLED = "cancelled"
+    EXPIRED = "expired"
+
+
+class Ticket(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "tickets"
+
+    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
+    user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("users.id"))
+    schedule_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("schedules.id"))
+    seat_number = Column(String, nullable=True)  # Seat number is only required for trains
+    purchase_time = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
+    status = Column(Enum(TicketStatus), default=TicketStatus.ACTIVE)
+    is_active = Column(Boolean, default=True)
+    ticket_number = Column(String, unique=True, index=True)
+    
+    # Relationships
+    user = relationship("User", back_populates="tickets")
+    schedule = relationship("Schedule", back_populates="tickets")
+    
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"Ticket(id={self.id}, user={self.user_id}, schedule={self.schedule_id}, status={self.status})"

app/models/user.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, Integer, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+
+
+class User(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "users"
+
+    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
+    username = Column(String, unique=True, index=True)
+    email = Column(String, unique=True, index=True)
+    hashed_password = Column(String)
+    is_active = Column(Boolean, default=True)
+    
+    # Relationships
+    tickets = relationship("Ticket", back_populates="user")
+    
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"User(id={self.id}, username={self.username}, email={self.email})"

app/models/vehicle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from enum import Enum as PyEnum
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, DateTime, Enum, ForeignKey, Integer, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+
+
+class VehicleType(str, PyEnum):
+    CAR = "car"
+    BUS = "bus"
+    TRAIN = "train"
+
+
+class Vehicle(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "vehicles"
+
+    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
+    vehicle_number = Column(String, unique=True, index=True)
+    vehicle_type = Column(Enum(VehicleType), index=True)
+    capacity = Column(Integer)
+    is_active = Column(Boolean, default=True)
+    
+    # Relationships
+    schedules = relationship("Schedule", back_populates="vehicle")
+    
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"Vehicle(id={self.id}, number={self.vehicle_number}, type={self.vehicle_type})"
+
+
+class Schedule(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "schedules"
+
+    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
+    vehicle_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey("vehicles.id"))
+    departure_location = Column(String)
+    arrival_location = Column(String)
+    departure_time = Column(DateTime, index=True)
+    arrival_time = Column(DateTime)
+    available_seats = Column(Integer)
+    is_active = Column(Boolean, default=True)
+    
+    # Relationships
+    vehicle = relationship("Vehicle", back_populates="schedules")
+    tickets = relationship("Ticket", back_populates="schedule")
+    
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"Schedule(id={self.id}, vehicle={self.vehicle_id}, departure={self.departure_time})"

app/schemas/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from app.schemas.ticket import (
+    Ticket,
+    TicketCreate,
+    TicketUpdate,
+    TicketWithoutSchedule,
+    TicketWithUser,
+)
+from app.schemas.token import Token, TokenPayload
+from app.schemas.user import User, UserCreate, UserInDB, UserUpdate
+from app.schemas.vehicle import (
+    Schedule,
+    ScheduleCreate,
+    ScheduleUpdate,
+    ScheduleWithoutVehicle,
+    Vehicle,
+    VehicleCreate,
+    VehicleUpdate,
+)

app/schemas/ticket.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from app.models.ticket import TicketStatus
+from app.schemas.user import User
+from app.schemas.vehicle import ScheduleWithoutVehicle
+
+
+class TicketBase(BaseModel):
+    schedule_id: int
+    seat_number: Optional[str] = None  # Optional for cars and buses
+
+
+class TicketCreate(TicketBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class TicketUpdate(BaseModel):
+    status: Optional[TicketStatus] = None
+    is_active: Optional[bool] = None
+
+
+class TicketInDBBase(TicketBase):
+    id: int
+    user_id: int
+    purchase_time: datetime
+    status: TicketStatus
+    is_active: bool
+    ticket_number: str
+
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+
+
+class Ticket(TicketInDBBase):
+    schedule: ScheduleWithoutVehicle
+
+
+class TicketWithUser(Ticket):
+    user: User
+
+
+class TicketWithoutSchedule(TicketInDBBase):
+    pass

app/schemas/token.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenPayload(BaseModel):
+    sub: Optional[int] = None

app/schemas/user.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr, Field
+
+
+class UserBase(BaseModel):
+    username: str = Field(..., min_length=3, max_length=50)
+    email: EmailStr
+    
+    
+class UserCreate(UserBase):
+    password: str = Field(..., min_length=8)
+
+
+class UserUpdate(BaseModel):
+    username: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=3, max_length=50)
+    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
+    password: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=8)
+
+
+class UserInDBBase(UserBase):
+    id: int
+    is_active: bool
+
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+
+
+class User(UserInDBBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class UserInDB(UserInDBBase):
+    hashed_password: str

app/schemas/vehicle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from app.models.vehicle import VehicleType
+
+
+class VehicleBase(BaseModel):
+    vehicle_number: str
+    vehicle_type: VehicleType
+    capacity: int = Field(..., gt=0)
+
+
+class VehicleCreate(VehicleBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class VehicleUpdate(BaseModel):
+    vehicle_number: Optional[str] = None
+    vehicle_type: Optional[VehicleType] = None
+    capacity: Optional[int] = Field(None, gt=0)
+    is_active: Optional[bool] = None
+
+
+class VehicleInDBBase(VehicleBase):
+    id: int
+    is_active: bool
+
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+
+
+class Vehicle(VehicleInDBBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class ScheduleBase(BaseModel):
+    vehicle_id: int
+    departure_location: str
+    arrival_location: str
+    departure_time: datetime
+    arrival_time: datetime
+    available_seats: int = Field(..., ge=0)
+
+
+class ScheduleCreate(ScheduleBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class ScheduleUpdate(BaseModel):
+    departure_location: Optional[str] = None
+    arrival_location: Optional[str] = None
+    departure_time: Optional[datetime] = None
+    arrival_time: Optional[datetime] = None
+    available_seats: Optional[int] = Field(None, ge=0)
+    is_active: Optional[bool] = None
+
+
+class ScheduleInDBBase(ScheduleBase):
+    id: int
+    is_active: bool
+
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+
+
+class Schedule(ScheduleInDBBase):
+    vehicle: Vehicle
+
+
+class ScheduleWithoutVehicle(ScheduleInDBBase):
+    pass

app/services/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# This file is intentionally empty to mark the directory as a Python package

app/services/ticket_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Optional
+
+from fastapi import HTTPException, status
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.models.ticket import Ticket, TicketStatus
+from app.models.vehicle import Schedule, VehicleType
+
+
+def generate_ticket_number() -> str:
+    """Generate a unique ticket number."""
+    return str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+
+def validate_purchase_time(schedule: Schedule) -> None:
+    """
+    Validate that a ticket can be purchased based on departure time.
+    
+    Args:
+        schedule: The schedule for which the ticket is being purchased
+        
+    Raises:
+        HTTPException: If ticket cannot be purchased due to time restrictions
+    """
+    now = datetime.utcnow()
+    # Check if it's less than 10 minutes to departure
+    if schedule.departure_time - now < timedelta(minutes=10):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Cannot purchase ticket less than 10 minutes before departure",
+        )
+
+
+def validate_cancellation_time(ticket: Ticket) -> None:
+    """
+    Validate that a ticket can be cancelled based on departure time.
+    
+    Args:
+        ticket: The ticket to be cancelled
+        
+    Raises:
+        HTTPException: If ticket cannot be cancelled due to time restrictions
+    """
+    now = datetime.utcnow()
+    # Check if it's less than 3 minutes to departure
+    if ticket.schedule.departure_time - now < timedelta(minutes=3):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail="Cannot cancel ticket less than 3 minutes before departure",
+        )
+    
+    # Check if ticket is already used, cancelled, or expired
+    if ticket.status != TicketStatus.ACTIVE:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail=f"Cannot cancel ticket with status {ticket.status}",
+        )
+
+
+def assign_seat_number(db: Session, schedule: Schedule, vehicle_type: VehicleType) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Assign a seat number for a ticket if vehicle is a train.
+    For cars and buses, seat number is None.
+    
+    Args:
+        db: Database session
+        schedule: The schedule for which the ticket is being purchased
+        vehicle_type: Type of vehicle
+        
+    Returns:
+        Seat number string for trains, None for other vehicle types
+    """
+    if vehicle_type != VehicleType.TRAIN:
+        return None
+    
+    # For trains, find the next available seat number
+    # Get all occupied seats for this schedule
+    occupied_seats = db.query(Ticket.seat_number).filter(
+        Ticket.schedule_id == schedule.id,
+        Ticket.status == TicketStatus.ACTIVE,
+        Ticket.seat_number.isnot(None)
+    ).all()
+    
+    occupied_seat_numbers = [int(seat[0]) for seat in occupied_seats if seat[0] and seat[0].isdigit()]
+    
+    # Find the first available seat
+    for seat_num in range(1, schedule.vehicle.capacity + 1):
+        if seat_num not in occupied_seat_numbers:
+            return str(seat_num)
+    
+    # This should not happen if available_seats is managed correctly
+    raise HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+        detail="No available seats",
+    )

main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import uvicorn
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+from fastapi.openapi.utils import get_openapi
+
+from app.api.v1.api import api_router
+from app.core.config import settings
+
+app = FastAPI(
+    title=settings.PROJECT_NAME,
+    description=settings.PROJECT_DESCRIPTION,
+    version=settings.VERSION,
+    openapi_url="/openapi.json",
+    docs_url="/docs",
+    redoc_url="/redoc",
+)
+
+# Set up CORS middleware
+app.add_middleware(
+    CORSMiddleware,
+    allow_origins=["*"],
+    allow_credentials=True,
+    allow_methods=["*"],
+    allow_headers=["*"],
+)
+
+# Include API router
+app.include_router(api_router, prefix=settings.API_V1_STR)
+
+@app.get("/")
+async def root():
+    """
+    Root endpoint returning basic application information.
+    """
+    return {
+        "title": settings.PROJECT_NAME,
+        "description": settings.PROJECT_DESCRIPTION,
+        "version": settings.VERSION,
+        "documentation": "/docs",
+        "health_check": "/health",
+    }
+
+@app.get("/health", status_code=200)
+async def health_check():
+    """
+    Health check endpoint to verify the application is running.
+    """
+    return {"status": "healthy"}
+
+def custom_openapi():
+    if app.openapi_schema:
+        return app.openapi_schema
+    openapi_schema = get_openapi(
+        title=settings.PROJECT_NAME,
+        version=settings.VERSION,
+        description=settings.PROJECT_DESCRIPTION,
+        routes=app.routes,
+    )
+    app.openapi_schema = openapi_schema
+    return app.openapi_schema
+
+app.openapi = custom_openapi
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    uvicorn.run("main:app", host="0.0.0.0", port=8000, reload=True)

migrations/README

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Database Migrations
+
+This directory contains database migrations for the Multimodal Ticketing System project.
+
+## Migration Commands
+
+To run migrations:
+
+```bash
+alembic upgrade head
+```
+
+To create a new migration:
+
+```bash
+alembic revision -m "description of changes"
+```
+
+To show current migration version:
+
+```bash
+alembic current
+```
+
+To show migration history:
+
+```bash
+alembic history
+```

migrations/env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from alembic import context
+from sqlalchemy import engine_from_config, pool
+
+from app.db.base import Base
+
+# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
+# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
+config = context.config
+
+# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
+# This line sets up loggers basically.
+if config.config_file_name is not None:
+    fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+
+# add your model's MetaData object here
+# for 'autogenerate' support
+# from myapp import mymodel
+# target_metadata = mymodel.Base.metadata
+target_metadata = Base.metadata
+
+# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
+# can be acquired:
+# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
+# ... etc.
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
+    """Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
+
+    This configures the context with just a URL
+    and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
+    here as well.  By skipping the Engine creation
+    we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
+
+    Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
+    script output.
+
+    """
+    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
+    context.configure(
+        url=url,
+        target_metadata=target_metadata,
+        literal_binds=True,
+        dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
+        render_as_batch=True,  # Important for SQLite
+    )
+
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online() -> None:
+    """Run migrations in 'online' mode.
+
+    In this scenario we need to create an Engine
+    and associate a connection with the context.
+
+    """
+    connectable = engine_from_config(
+        config.get_section(config.config_ini_section, {}),
+        prefix="sqlalchemy.",
+        poolclass=pool.NullPool,
+    )
+
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        is_sqlite = connection.dialect.name == 'sqlite'
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection,
+            target_metadata=target_metadata,
+            render_as_batch=is_sqlite,  # Important for SQLite
+        )
+
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()

migrations/script.py.mako

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}

migrations/versions/1f3a9c5d40a1_initial_migration.py

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+"""Initial migration
+
+Revision ID: 1f3a9c5d40a1
+Revises: 
+Create Date: 2023-06-01 00:00:00.000000
+
+"""
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = '1f3a9c5d40a1'
+down_revision = None
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    # Create users table
+    op.create_table(
+        'users',
+        sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('username', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('email', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('hashed_password', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('is_active', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_users_email'), 'users', ['email'], unique=True)
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_users_id'), 'users', ['id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_users_username'), 'users', ['username'], unique=True)
+
+    # Create vehicles table
+    op.create_table(
+        'vehicles',
+        sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('vehicle_number', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('vehicle_type', sa.Enum('car', 'bus', 'train', name='vehicletype'), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('capacity', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('is_active', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_vehicles_id'), 'vehicles', ['id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_vehicles_vehicle_number'), 'vehicles', ['vehicle_number'], unique=True)
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_vehicles_vehicle_type'), 'vehicles', ['vehicle_type'], unique=False)
+
+    # Create schedules table
+    op.create_table(
+        'schedules',
+        sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('vehicle_id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('departure_location', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('arrival_location', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('departure_time', sa.DateTime(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('arrival_time', sa.DateTime(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('available_seats', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('is_active', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['vehicle_id'], ['vehicles.id'], ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_schedules_departure_time'), 'schedules', ['departure_time'], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_schedules_id'), 'schedules', ['id'], unique=False)
+
+    # Create tickets table
+    op.create_table(
+        'tickets',
+        sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('user_id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('schedule_id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('seat_number', sa.String(), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column('purchase_time', sa.DateTime(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('status', sa.Enum('active', 'used', 'cancelled', 'expired', name='ticketstatus'), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column('is_active', sa.Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True),
+        sa.Column('ticket_number', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['schedule_id'], ['schedules.id'], ),
+        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['user_id'], ['users.id'], ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_tickets_id'), 'tickets', ['id'], unique=False)
+    op.create_index(op.f('ix_tickets_ticket_number'), 'tickets', ['ticket_number'], unique=True)
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_tickets_ticket_number'), table_name='tickets')
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_tickets_id'), table_name='tickets')
+    op.drop_table('tickets')
+    
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_schedules_id'), table_name='schedules')
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_schedules_departure_time'), table_name='schedules')
+    op.drop_table('schedules')
+    
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_vehicles_vehicle_type'), table_name='vehicles')
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_vehicles_vehicle_number'), table_name='vehicles')
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_vehicles_id'), table_name='vehicles')
+    op.drop_table('vehicles')
+    
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_users_username'), table_name='users')
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_users_id'), table_name='users')
+    op.drop_index(op.f('ix_users_email'), table_name='users')
+    op.drop_table('users')
+    
+    # Remove enum types (SQLite ignores this, but important for other databases)
+    op.execute('DROP TYPE IF EXISTS vehicletype;')
+    op.execute('DROP TYPE IF EXISTS ticketstatus;')

pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+[tool.ruff]
+line-length = 120
+target-version = "py310"
+
+[tool.ruff.lint]
+select = ["E", "F", "I", "B", "C4", "SIM"]
+# Ignore some linting errors that are common in FastAPI applications
+ignore = ["B008", "E712", "B904"]
+
+# Exclude a variety of commonly ignored directories.
+exclude = [
+    ".git",
+    ".ruff_cache",
+    ".venv",
+    "venv",
+    "__pycache__",
+    "migrations",
+]
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.isort]
+known-third-party = ["fastapi", "pydantic", "sqlalchemy", "starlette", "jose", "passlib"]
+
+[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
+"__init__.py" = ["F401", "E402"]

requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+fastapi>=0.95.1
+uvicorn>=0.22.0
+pydantic>=2.0.0
+pydantic-settings>=2.0.0
+sqlalchemy>=2.0.0
+alembic>=1.11.0
+python-jose[cryptography]>=3.3.0
+passlib[bcrypt]>=1.7.4
+python-multipart>=0.0.6
+email-validator>=2.0.0
+python-dotenv>=1.0.0
+ruff>=0.0.262
+pytest>=7.3.1